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While fiqh (Islamic law) is more typically studied by religious scholars, this post will give you the basics on usul al-fiqh, what it is, how it’s beneficial for Muslims to study, and the best way to go about doing so. There are three main pillars of Islamic Law (fiqh): ʿibādah (worship), muʾāmalah (transactions) and muḥarramah (punishments). ʿIbādah includes things like prayer or fasting. Muʾāmalah includes things like buying and selling items. Muḥarramah is the punishments that the Muslims have been commanded to enforce with regards to criminal activity. The remainder of Islamic Law includes a few other topics, but these three pillars are what Muslims live their lives by. But before getting into those laws, there is a set of foundational rules that forms the basis of Islamic Law. These foundations are known as usul al-fiqh, or the roots of Islamic Law. The root of Islamic Law is the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of Muhammad, known as the hadith (the saying and actions of Muhammad). The Qur’an contains verses revealed to Prophet Muhammad by God. These verses were memorized by Muhammad and his companions, passed down through generations, compiled in a book compiled during the time of Uthman. The Sunnah is based on what Muhammad said and did during his lifetime. This was also memorized and passed down. While there were no recordings in that time, we can confirm with a high degree of accuracy that what we have today is authentic because there is consensus among Muslim scholars that these narrations are authentic. Other than these two sources, there are no other sources, including the opinions of Muslim scholars, that are considered valid for deriving Islamic law. The Sunnah includes things like Muhammad’s eating habits, how he would dress, the words he used when he spoke to others. It also includes his actions. For example, it’s reported that Muhammad swore an oath that no one entered the house of Umm Haram except those who were her relatives or those whom she allowed to enter with her permission. This is an example of the Sunnah as a source of Islamic Law because Muslims today still consider it a command from God to not enter a house without permission from the owner. The difference is that we can no longer confirm that Muhammad actually said that, but we can confirm what God says in the Qur’an: “O you who believe! Enter not houses other than your own, until you have asked permission and saluted those in them.” (Qur’an 24:27). The Qur’an and Sunnah are considered to be the absolute truth. The Qur’an itself says, “And if you are in doubt about what We have revealed to Our servant, then produce a chapter like it… Or do they say he has forged it? Say, then bring a chapter like this and invite whomever you can besides Allah if you are truthful. cfa1e77820